---
title: D1 (SQLite)
description: "A per-project SQLite database bound to env.NAME, with prepared statements and online backups."
---

## Configuration

```jsonc
"d1_databases": ["DB"]
```

D1 is a separate file from the platform's own state: a `CREATE TABLE kv (...)` in a handler would otherwise collide with the platform's own tables. Bare names are auto-provisioned on deploy — see [Storage resources](/storage).

## Usage

```js
const row = env.DB.prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?").bind(id).first();
const res = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES (?)").bind(name).run();
// res.meta.last_row_id, res.meta.changes
const { results } = env.DB.prepare("SELECT * FROM users").all();
env.DB.exec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)");
env.DB.batch([stmtA, stmtB]);        // array of prepared statements
```

## Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `prepare(sql).bind(...args)` | chainable | a prepared statement |
| `.first()` | — | the first matching row, or `null` |
| `.run()` | — | `{ meta: { last_row_id, changes } }` |
| `.all()` | — | `{ results }` |
| `exec(sql)` | raw SQL, no bindings | — |
| `batch(statements[])` | array of prepared statements | — |
| `backup()` | — | `{ path, bytes }` |

:::note
`backup()` is a Sproutboat extension, not part of Workers D1: an online, integrity-checked snapshot via `VACUUM INTO`. Takes an optional name; defaults to a timestamp. On a [standalone binary](/get-started/standalone), the snapshot lands under `<data>/backups/`.
:::

## Related

- [Storage resources and auto-provisioning](/storage)